中考英語知識點：表示并列關(guān)系的連詞

并列連詞：并列連詞用來連接平行的詞、詞組和分句。

1)　and 和

判斷改錯：

(錯) They sat down and talk about something.

(錯) They started to dance and sang.

(錯) I saw two men sitting behind and whisper there.

(對) They sat down and talked about something.

(對) They started to dance and sing.

(對)I saw two men sitting behind and whispering there.

解析：

第一句： and 連接兩個并列的謂語，所以 talk 應(yīng)改為 talked。

第二句：and 連接兩個并列的動詞不定式，第二個不定式往往省略to，因此sang 應(yīng)改為 sing。

第三句：and 連接感觀動詞saw 后面的用作的賓補的兩個并列分詞結(jié)構(gòu)，因此whisper應(yīng)改為whispering。

注意：1. and 還可以和祈使句或名詞詞組連用表示條件。(or也有此用法)

Make up your mind, and you'll get the chance.

= If you make up your mind, you'll get the chance.

One more effort, and you'll succeed.

= If you make one more effort, you'll succeed

2, A and B 當(dāng)表示整體或者指同一人時謂語動詞用單數(shù), 當(dāng)and連接的單數(shù)名詞前分別有each，every，many等詞修飾時，謂語也用單數(shù)。

bread and butter a knife and fork

The mother and teacher is very strict with her son.

No teacher and no student is allowed to smoke in class.

3. and連接的是兩個相同意思的詞，表示“漸漸”，或加強語氣

Read it again and again

2)　both …and　兩者都

She plays (both) the piano and the guitar.

3) neither…nor 意思為"既不……也不……"謂語動詞采用就近原則，與nor后的詞保持一致。

Neither you nor he is to blame.

4)　not only…but (also)不但······而且······

She plays not only the piano, but (also) the guitar.

注意： not only… but also 關(guān)聯(lián)兩個分句時，一個分句因有否定詞not 而必須倒裝。

Not only does he like reading stories, but also he can even write some.

5) as well as 以及，也，與···同樣

The teacher, as well as the students, is interested in the activity.

比較and和or

1) 并列結(jié)構(gòu)中，or通常用于否定句，and用于肯定句。

2) 但有時and 也可用于否定句。請注意其不同特點：

There is no air or water in the moon.

There is no air and no water on the moon.

在否定中并列結(jié)構(gòu)用or 連接，但含有兩個否定詞的句子實際被看作是肯定結(jié)構(gòu)，因此要用and。

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