1.who指人，在從句中做主語

(1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One.

(2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.

2. whom指人，在定語從句中充當賓語，常可省略。

(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about.

注意：關系代詞whom在口語和非正式語體中常用who代替，可省略。

(3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend.

3. which指物，在定語從句中做主語或者賓語，做賓語時可省略

(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. ( which 在句子中做主語)

(2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. ( which 在句子中做賓語)

4. that指人時，相當于who或者whom;指物時，相當于which。

在賓語從句中做主語或者賓語，做賓語時可省略。

(5) The people that/who come to visit the city are all here. (在句子中做主語)

(6) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning? (在句子中做賓語)

5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定語從句中做定語

(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor.

(2) I lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.

whose指物時，常用以下結構來代替

(3)The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.

=The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.

(5)Do you like the book whose color is yellow?

=Do you like the book the color of which is yellow?

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