定語(yǔ)：修飾名詞或代詞的單詞、短語(yǔ)、句子。它被翻譯為"……的"。定語(yǔ)有時(shí)候放在被修飾詞的前面，有時(shí)候放在被修飾詞的后面，如：

red flowers

the man on the left

定語(yǔ)從句：定語(yǔ)是一個(gè)句子，叫做定語(yǔ)從句。定語(yǔ)從句是后置定語(yǔ)的一種，只能放在被修飾詞的后面，所以被它修飾的名詞或代詞叫做先行詞。我們?cè)缭谠嚲碇薪佑|過(guò)定語(yǔ)從句，如信息填寫題的題目：

The time that the story takes place;

The place that they found the boy;

The person who looked after the old man;

The purpose that the writer wrote this passage;

The number of suggestions that the writer has given.

中考考點(diǎn)：1 能識(shí)別定語(yǔ)從句;2 能準(zhǔn)確使用定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞。

下面，我們正式進(jìn)入含有定語(yǔ)從句(下面簡(jiǎn)稱"定從")的主從復(fù)合句的學(xué)習(xí)。

認(rèn)識(shí)定從

一、請(qǐng)翻譯下列句子，并劃出每句的主句和定從。

1 I know the girl who is sitting under the tree.

2 The young man that wears glasses is my math teacher.

3 We are proud of Liu Yang who is the first Chinese woman astronaut.

4 This is the most interesting book that he has ever read.

5 The movie that we saw last night is wonderful.

6 Qing Yu Nian is a TV play which is hot these days.

二、請(qǐng)找出各句的先行詞和定從的引導(dǎo)詞。

三、小結(jié)：

當(dāng)先行詞是人，引導(dǎo)詞可以是：________________________

當(dāng)先行詞不是人，引導(dǎo)詞可以是_________________________

定從在句中的位置:

_______________________________________________

定從的時(shí)態(tài)：定語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)不受主句限制，該用什么時(shí)態(tài)就用什么時(shí)態(tài)。

定從的引導(dǎo)詞什么時(shí)候可以省略，什么時(shí)候不可以省略

一、觀察下面四個(gè)句子，把主句和從句還原成兩個(gè)獨(dú)立的句子。

1. Here comes the man who wants to see you.

如：第一句可以拆分為：Here comes the man. The man wants to see you.

2 This is the person (who) you are looking for.

3 Mary likes the music which is quiet and gentle.

4 The film (that) we saw last night is very interesting.

二、觀察拆分后的定從，引導(dǎo)詞所替代的先行詞在句中作什么成分?(主語(yǔ)/賓語(yǔ))

三、小結(jié)：如果引導(dǎo)詞在定從中作主語(yǔ)，引導(dǎo)詞不可省略;如果引導(dǎo)詞在定從中作賓語(yǔ)，可以被省略。

引導(dǎo)詞的其他規(guī)則(需反復(fù)記憶至熟練為止)

一、如果先行詞與定從的主語(yǔ)存在從屬關(guān)系，先行詞不管是人還是物，引導(dǎo)詞用whose，如(請(qǐng)觀察并理解何為從屬關(guān)系)：

This is the little boy whose father is a policeman. 這就是那個(gè)爸爸是警察的小男孩。

The house whose windows are red is very large. 那所房子非常大，它的窗子是紅色的。

二、先行詞與引導(dǎo)詞之間有介詞，先行詞是人，引導(dǎo)詞只能用whom;先行詞與引導(dǎo)詞 之間有介詞，先行詞非人，引導(dǎo)詞只能用which。如：

This is the bad boy about whom his parents worried too much.

I loved the school in which I studied three years ago.

三、先行詞是代詞those時(shí)，先判斷它指代的是人還是物，指人，引導(dǎo)詞用who，指物，引導(dǎo)詞用which。請(qǐng)選出下列兩題的答案：

()I don't like those ________ talk much but do little.

A which B whose C who

()The sleeping tigers are bigger than those __________ are trained there.

A which B whose C who

四、引導(dǎo)詞只能用that的情況。

1 當(dāng)先行詞包括人和物時(shí)，如the man and his dog/Lu Xun and his articles等;

2 當(dāng)先行詞是something, everything, anything, nothing, few, little, all, much, none等不定代詞時(shí);

3 當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí);

4 當(dāng)先行詞指物，且被the only, the very, the last, all the等修飾時(shí);

5 當(dāng)主句是以疑問(wèn)代詞開(kāi)頭的特殊疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，如：

Who is the girl that won the first place in 200 meters? 贏了200米第一名的女孩是誰(shuí)?

中考真題測(cè)試

1 There will be a flower show in the park ________ we visited last week. (2012廣東中考)

A who B when C what D which

2 The young lady _________ is interviewing Lin Zhixuan about the program I am a singer is from 21st Century Talent Net. (2013廣東中考)

A who B whose C which D whom

3 When Robinson Crusoe got to the island, the first thing _______ he did was to look for some food. (2014廣東中考)

A who B that C which D whom

4 Running Man is a very relaxing TV program _______ is hot among the young people. (2015廣東中考)

A what B which C who D whom

5 Great changes have taken place in our city in the past ten years. Everything ________

comes into sight is so new to me. (2016廣東中考)

A that B which C who D whom

6 According to a survey, people _______ are able to speak two languages can manage two things at the same time more easily. (2017廣東中考)

A which B whom C whose D who

7 Not all children ________ watch this video will become a scientist, but some may become interested in science. (2019廣東中考)

A whom B which C who D whose

鞏固練習(xí)：

一、單項(xiàng)選擇

1 People are talking about the old houses _______ Jackie Chan bought in Anhui twenty years

ago.

A which B where C who

2 -- Do you know Mo Yan?

-- Of course. He is the famous writer _______ won the Nobel Prize in 2012.

A who B whom C which

3 Yesterday I interviewed the farmer _________ daughter went to college at the age of 14.

A what B who C whose D that

4 It's bad for health to hurry to move into a house ________ has new furniture in it .

A who B where C that D whose

5 The Palace Museum is the best place _______ I've ever visited.

A that B which C where D what

6 She is the girl _________ invention got the first prize in the school competition.

A who B whose C that D whom

7 The WeChat is an invention _________ can help people talk to friends, share photos, ideas and feeling freely.

A which B who C whose D what

8 Being blind(瞎的) is something _________ most people can't imagine.

A who B what C that D whom

9 Most of the parents will do anything ________ they can do for their children.

A that B what C which D when

10 He is the only student _______ can answer all the questions.

A that B which C what D when

二、完成句子

1 那個(gè)戴著眼鏡的女孩是貝蒂。

The girl _________________________________________________________ is Betty.

2 我所看見(jiàn)的那個(gè)年輕人長(zhǎng)著短頭發(fā)。

The young man ______________________________________________ had short hair.

3 警察正在搜查偷了她錢包的賊。(偷：steal-stole- stolen)

The police are looking for the thief ___________________________________________.

4 昨天破壞門的孩子是湯姆。

The kid ___________________________________________________________ is Tom.

5 多數(shù)被偷的小汽車還未能找到。

Most of the cars _____________________________________ haven't been found yet.

6 他有一臺(tái)電腦，這臺(tái)電腦是他的父母給他買的。

He has a computer ________________________________________________________.

7 其中的一個(gè)故事是關(guān)于他爸爸的，他爸爸一直對(duì)他要求很嚴(yán)格。

One of the stories is about his father _______________________________________.

8 那個(gè)女孩學(xué)習(xí)很刻苦，她的爸爸是位醫(yī)生。

The girl ______________________________________________________ studies hard.

9 開(kāi)著窗戶的那間教室是九班。

The classroom _______________________________________________ is Class 9.

10 我所能為你做的一切就是陪著你。

All ____________________________________________________ is to stay with you.

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