一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)有兩層意思：

(其一)就是表示經(jīng)常性和習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài);

(其二)表示客觀事實(shí)、自然現(xiàn)象。

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)是英語動(dòng)詞的主要用法之一，因此，我們有必要掌握好它。結(jié)合2019年的中考題分析，供大家為2020年中考作準(zhǔn)備。來和小簡(jiǎn)老師全方位學(xué)習(xí)一下吧!

一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)有三種形式

1. 謂語是be(am/is/are)的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

①肯定形式：主語+be+表語(形容詞、名詞充當(dāng)表語)。

I am hungry.

You are beautiful.

He is a doctor.

②否定形式：主語+be+not+表語(形容詞、名詞充當(dāng)表語)。

I am not hungry.

You aren't beautiful.

He isn't a doctor.

③一般疑問句形式：Be+主語+表語(形容詞、名詞充當(dāng)表語)?

肯定回答：Yes,主語+be. 否定回答：No, 主語+ be+not.

—Are you hungry?

—Yes，I am./No,I'm not.

—Is he a doctor?

—Yes, he is./No, he isn,t.

④特殊疑問句形式：特殊疑問詞+Be開頭的一般疑問句?

—What is he?

—He is a doctor.

注意：be要隨著主語變。

2. 謂語動(dòng)詞是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞(及物動(dòng)詞或不及物動(dòng)詞)的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

①肯定形式：“主語+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語”或“主語+不及物動(dòng)詞”。

She has a little brother.

她有一個(gè)弟弟。

The sun rises in the east.

太陽從東方升起。

②否定形式：“主語+don't/doesn't+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語”或“主語+don't/doesn't+不及物動(dòng)詞”。

She doesn't have a little brother.

她沒有弟弟。

I don't eat every morning.

我每天早晨都不吃飯。

③一般疑問句形式：“Do/Does+主語+及物動(dòng)詞原形+賓語”或“Do/Does+主語+不及物動(dòng)詞原形”。

肯定回答：Yes,主語+do/does. 否定回答是：No, 主語+ don't/doesn't.

—Do you eat every morning?

—Yes, I do./No, I don't.

—Does she have a little brother?

—Yes, she does./No, she doesn't.

④特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+do/does開頭的一般疑問句?

What do you like?

When do you go to school?

注意：根據(jù)主語確定用do還是does。

3. 謂語是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can/may...+動(dòng)詞原形的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

①肯定形式：主語+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can/may.....+動(dòng)詞原形+賓語。

I can finish my homework.

②否定形式：主語+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can/may.....+not+動(dòng)詞原形+賓語。

I can't finish my homework.

③一般疑問句形式：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞Can/May.....+主語+動(dòng)詞原形+主語+賓語。

肯定回答是：Yes,主語+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞. 否定回答是：No, 主語+ 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+not.

—Can you finish your homework?

—Yes，I can./No, I can't.

④特殊疑問句形式：特殊疑問詞+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can/may.....開頭的一般疑問句?

—What can you do?

—I can do my homework.

注意：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can/may.....+動(dòng)詞原形。

二、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法

1. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài) ;表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作;表示主語具備的性格和能力;表示客觀事實(shí)或普遍真理等。例如：

He is twelve.

他十二歲了。

I go to school at seven every day.

我每天七點(diǎn)去上學(xué)。

They can speak Japanese.

他們會(huì)說日語。

2. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)常和表示時(shí)間的頻度副詞連用。如：often, usually, sometimes, always, never等。例如：

I often read books in the evening.

我經(jīng)常在晚上讀書。

Do they usually go to school by bike?

他們通常騎自行車去上學(xué)嗎?

He doesn’t like milk. He never drinks it.

他不喜歡牛奶。他從來不喝它。

Sometimes my mother gets back at five.

有時(shí)候媽媽五點(diǎn)鐘回來。

3. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)也常和以下時(shí)間表達(dá)法連用。如：in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening, at noon, at night, every day, on Sunday(s), at seven 等。例如：

Do they have math in the morning?

他們?cè)缟嫌袛?shù)學(xué)課嗎?

She sleeps nine hours every night.

她每晚睡九個(gè)小時(shí)。

It takes me two hours to do my homework every day.

每天寫作業(yè)花費(fèi)我兩個(gè)小時(shí)的時(shí)間。

They don’t have classes on Sundays.

他們周日不上課。

4. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來含義

a. 下列瞬時(shí)動(dòng)詞come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)可以表示將來，主要用來表示在時(shí)間上已確定或安排好的事情。

例如：The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火車明天上午六點(diǎn)開。

----When does the bus star? 汽車什么時(shí)候開?

----It stars in ten minutes. 十分鐘后。

b. 在主從復(fù)合句中，當(dāng)主句是一般將來時(shí)，時(shí)間或條件狀語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞只能用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)來表示將來要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，即所謂的“主將從現(xiàn)”。

例如：When Bill comes (不是will come), ask him to wait for me. 比爾來后，讓他等我。

I'll write to you as soon as I arrive there. 我到了那里，就寫信給你。

三、動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)的構(gòu)成

1. 動(dòng)詞原形后面直接加-s

look—looks

read—reads

play—plays

stop—stops

2. 在以字母s, x,ch,sh,o結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞后加-es

miss—misses

fix—fixes

watch—watches

wash—washes

go—goes

do—does

3. 輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞變y為i，再加-es

carry–carries

study–studies

hurry–hurries

cry–cries

4. 特殊變化

have-has

be-is

4、練習(xí)及答案

【典型考例1】

(2019北京) Sam ______with his friends every weekend.

A. skates B. is skating C. has skated D. was skating

【析】正確答案：A 。句意是：每個(gè)周末，山姆都和朋友們一起滑冰。根據(jù)句末的頻度副詞短語every weekend(每周末)可知，句子表示的動(dòng)作具有經(jīng)常性，所以動(dòng)詞應(yīng)使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

【典型考例2】

(2019青海)----What did you learn in geography yesterday?

----I learned that the sun _____ in the east.

A. was rising B.rises C.rose

【析】正確答案：B。句意是：昨天的地理課上你學(xué)了什么? 我學(xué)了太陽從東邊升起來。太陽從東邊升起來，表示的客觀事實(shí)，一種自然現(xiàn)象，所以，句中的動(dòng)詞應(yīng)使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，因此，正確答案為B。

【典型考例3】

(2019山東臨沂)---I'm getting hungry. Do you know where we can get some good food?

--- Of course! There ____________ a restaurant around the comer.

A. will be B. was C. is

【析】正確答案：C。句意是：我很餓。你知道哪兒可以弄到吃的嗎? 當(dāng)然!拐角附近有一家飯館。“拐角附近有一家飯館”表示的是客觀事實(shí)，所以句中動(dòng)詞應(yīng)使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。動(dòng)詞be的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)為is。因此，正確答案為C。

【典型考例4】

(2019廣西貴港)---If the traffic _______busy， Linda won' t catch the train in one hour.

---I know I will call her to leave for the train station at once.

A.is B.will be C.was D.has been

【析】正確答案A。句意是：如果交通擁堵的話，琳達(dá)一個(gè)小時(shí)后就不會(huì)趕上這趟列車。我知道，我會(huì)打電話給她，讓她立刻就去火車站。因?yàn)檫@是if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句，主語為一般將來時(shí)won’t catch the train in one hour，所以，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來，所以動(dòng)詞be應(yīng)改為第三人稱單數(shù)形式is，因此，正確答案為A。

【強(qiáng)化練習(xí)】

一、根據(jù)漢語或首字母，寫出正確的單詞，使句子意思完整。

1.(2019四川廣安)That music_________ (聽起來)very beautiful.I like it a lot.

2.(2019四川涼山州)The Russian soup s_____ very nice. I can’t wait to drink it.

3.(2019江蘇鹽城)There are many rocks in unusual shapes ----Some hang down , and others ______ (指向)upwards.

4.(2019湖北荊門) This kind of special noodles t so delicious that I can’t help asking for more.

5.(2019廣西北部灣經(jīng)濟(jì)開發(fā)區(qū))Every time I want to give up, my parents always____(鼓勵(lì))me to keep trying.

6.(2019黑龍江綏化)I ______ (發(fā)送)an e--mail to my pen pal in England once a week.

7.(2019貴州銅仁) It t__________ us 90 minutes from Tongren to Guiyang by high speed train.

8.(2019貴州銅仁)The early bird c__________ the worm.

9.(2019廣西百色)I p______ milk to cola because milk is much healthier, I think.

10.(2019新疆建設(shè)兵團(tuán)) Li Rui _____(彈奏)the guitar after school every day.

二、用所給單詞的正確形式填空，使句子意思完整。

1.(2019山東青島) Jack is a good learner because he always _______(connect) what he needs to learn with something interesting.

2.(2019浙江寧波)We can see clearly that Mongolia_______ (位于) between China and Russia on the map.

3.(2019江蘇南京)There (be) many things to enjoy about traveling, including the natural beauty and delicious food.

4.(甘肅慶陽) An apple_________(keep )the doctor away.

5.(2019江蘇揚(yáng)州)The silk scarf is pretty and ______ her blue coat very well . (match)

6.(2019江蘇鹽城)About 300 to 1000 red--crowned cranes ______(fly) to Yancheng Nature Reserve every year to spend the winter.

7.(2019甘肅敦)Our geography teacher told us the moon________(circle)the earth every 28 days.

8.(2019甘肅煌) I like teachers who________(be)always friendly, helpful and fair to each student.

9.(2019甘肅蘭州)Li Lei is interested in English and he ____(watch) BBC News every day.

10.(2019江蘇無錫) We’ve all got both light and dark inside us. What ___________(matter) is the part we choose act on. That’s who we really are.

三、單項(xiàng)選擇

1.(四川自貢) If the singer_______to Zigong_____September 20th, please call me.

A. will get; on B. gets; on C. gets; in

2.(2019四川達(dá)州)---Jeff, could you tell me if it ______ tomorrow? If it _____ tomorrow, I will stay at home.

---It’s reported that it will be sunny, let’s go camping on the Fenghuang mountain.

A. rain; rain B.rains; rains C.will rain ; rains D.will rain; will rain

3.(2019四川南充).----Daddy, when will we go out to fly a kite?

---As soon as the rain_______.

A. is stopping B. stopped C. will stop D. stops

4.(2019江蘇鹽城)Each of us ______ a life goal, which will guide us to a bright future.

A.has B.have C.will have D.had

5.(2019湖北武漢)She’s brought you some eggs. As you know, she ______chickens.

A. keeps B. will keep C. has kept D. kept

6.(2019湖南郴州)--- Lucy,there ______too many things on the desk.What a mess!

--- Sorry, Mum.I’ll put them away.

A. have B. is C. are

7.(2019湖北咸寧) ---Let’s go climbing if it____this Saturday.

--- Good idea. But nobody knows if______ it.

A. is fine; rains B.is fine; will rain

C.will be fine; rains D. will be fine; will rain

8.(2019福建)There _____ a large bowl of Jiaozi on he table.

A. is B.are C. be

9.(2019湖北鄂州)---Son, you have never been abroad, I’m worried about you.

---Don’t worry, mom. As soon as I_______ , I______ you.

A. will arrive, call B. will arrive, will call

C. arrive, will call D. arrive, call

10.(2019新疆建設(shè)兵團(tuán))Not only Jack but also I ___crazy about the football match.

A. am B. is C.are D. be

11.(2019湖南湘西)---We will go for a picnic if it _____ this Sunday.

----Sounds great.

A.won’t rain B.is sunny C.will be sunny

12.(2019湖南湘西)---There _____ a book sale in our school. Would you like to have a book with me ?

---Sure. I’d love to.

A. is B.have C.are

13.(2019哈爾濱)When we _____building the Subway Line 3, it will be easier to travel around the city.

A.finish B.finished C.will finish

14.(2019黑龍江綏化)Uncle Wang often ____ to work by subway.

A.going B.go C.goes

15.(2019黑龍江綏化)Eighty percent of the students in this school ____ three to five times a week.

A.exercises B.exercise C.exercising

16.(2019四川廣元)Not only you but also I __________ interested in the cartoon called Peppa Pig.

A. am B. is C. are

17.(2019四川德陽).Each of us_________wechat(微信)nowadays even the old people.

A.play B.plays C.playing D.played

18.(2019貴陽)Volunteering _____ the world warmer. Even small things can make a big difference.

A.make B.makes C.was making

19.(2019貴州黔西南、黔東南、黔南)Tom won’t go to bed until his father _____ back from work.

A.will come B.came C.comes D.come

20.(廣西河池)We wonder if our parents will come to our graduating party next weekend. If they _____, we’ll be very sad.

A.come B.comes C.are coming D.will come

21.(2019廣西柳州) I ______________ to school on foot every day.

A. go B. went C. has gone

22.(2019甘肅天水)Either the students or the teacher______ him very well.

A. knows B. to know C. know D. knew

Key:

一、1.sounds, 2.smells, 3.point, 4.tastes , 5.encourage, 6.send, 7.takes 8.catches, 9.pour 10.plays

二.1.connects, 2.lies/is, 3.are, 4.keeps, 5.matches, 6.fly , 7.circles, 8.are, 9.watches, 10.matters

三、1--5BCDAA; 6--10CBACA; 11--15BAACB; 16---22ABBCA; AA

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