由which， that引導的從句

它們所代替的先行詞是事物的名詞或代詞，在從句中可作主語、賓語等，作賓語時可以省略，例如：

(1)Prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 農村出現了前所未有的繁榮。(which / that在從句中作主語)

(2)The package (which / that)you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿那個包裹快要散開了。(which / that在從句中作賓語)

注意：代表物時多用which，但在下列情況中用that而不用which：

a)先行詞是anything, everything, nothing , none等不定代詞時;

b)先行詞由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修飾時，這時的that常被省略;

c)先行詞前有序數詞或被形容詞最高級修飾時;

d)先行詞中既有人又有物時;

e)整個句中前面已有which，who，that時;

f)當先行詞為物并作表語時;

g)先行詞為one時;

h)先行詞同時又被the only, the very ,the same修飾時;

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